Cystoscopy
A cystoscopy is a medical procedure that lets your doctor look directly into your bladder and urethra. It’s done by using a slender instrument called a cystoscope. This tool is used to examine the lining of your urinary tract in real time and check for any problems that may be causing your symptoms.
Cystoscopies are performed by experienced urologists in the greater Charlotte area and in West Columbia, SC.
What Are the Urethra and Bladder?
The bladder is a hollow, muscular organ in the lower abdomen that stores urine until you’re ready to urinate. It expands like a balloon as it fills and contracts when it’s time to empty.
The urethra is a narrow tube that moves urine from your bladder to the outside of your body. In men, it also carries semen during ejaculation.
When Is Cystoscopy Needed?
Your doctor might recommend a cystoscopy to help diagnose or monitor certain urinary tract conditions. Common reasons include:
- Investigating symptoms, including blood in the urine (hematuria), to look for potential causes such as inflammation or infection
- Checking for blockages in the bladder or urethra caused by scar tissue, stones, or prostate enlargement
- Assessing the bladder’s shape and function before or after surgery
- Evaluating frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) when a structural problem might be involved
- Taking a small tissue sample, called a biopsy, to test for inflammation or cancer
- Removing small growths or foreign objects from the urinary tract
- Assisting with procedures such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or bladder tumor removal
How Do I Prepare for Cystoscopy?
Preparation depends on whether the procedure will be done in the office or under anesthesia. You’ll receive specific instructions ahead of time, and preparation may include:
- Additional urine testing
- Antibiotics
- Fasting before the procedure
What Happens During a Cystoscopy?
A cystoscopy can be done in your doctor’s office, an outpatient center, or a hospital. There are two main types:
- Flexible cystoscopy: This test is usually performed while you’re awake using a localized numbing gel. It is commonly used for diagnostic exams.
- Rigid cystoscopy: This procedure is often done under anesthesia when treatment or tissue removal is needed.
After numbing the urethra, the doctor gently inserts the cystoscope and slowly guides it into the bladder. Sterile fluid flows through the scope to expand the bladder, giving your doctor a clear view of the lining.
A diagnostic exam typically lasts only 10 to 15 minutes. During the procedure, you may feel pressure or the urge to urinate.
If any tissue samples are needed, tiny instruments can pass through the scope to take a biopsy or perform minor treatments. Once finished, the fluid is drained, and the cystoscope is removed.
What Can I Expect After the Procedure?
Your recovery time will vary depending on the type of anesthesia used. If you received local anesthesia, you can usually go home right away and return to normal activities the same day. If you had sedation or general anesthesia, you’ll be monitored until you’re fully awake and may feel a bit tired or groggy. You will need someone to drive you home.
It’s normal to experience mild symptoms such as:
- A burning feeling when you urinate
- Frequent urges to urinate
- A small amount of blood in your urine
These symptoms usually ease within a couple of days. Drinking plenty of water helps to flush the bladder and reduce irritation. You should contact your doctor right away if you experience any of the following warning signs:
- Fever, chills, or worsening pain
- Heavy bleeding or blood clots in your urine
- Trouble urinating or a complete inability to pass urine
- Symptoms that last longer than 2 to 3 days, including burning, pressure, or urinary frequency that doesn’t improve
What Are Cystoscopy Risks?
A cystoscopy is generally a safe and routine procedure, but as with any medical procedure, certain risks can occur:
- Bacteria can occasionally enter the urinary tract during the procedure, causing a UTI
- Bleeding from the urethra or bladder may occur
- You may have temporary difficulty urinating
Your doctor will take steps to lower these risks. Staying hydrated after the procedure can help flush the bladder and reduce the chance of infection.
Cystoscopy FAQs
1. What is a cystoscopy?
A cystoscopy is a procedure that lets your doctor examine your bladder and urethra. It uses a slender instrument called a cystoscope.
2. How painful is a cystoscopy procedure?
Most people describe the procedure as uncomfortable rather than painful. You may feel pressure or the need to urinate, especially when the bladder is filled with fluid. A numbing gel or anesthesia helps make the process easier.
3. How long will blood in my urine last after cystoscopy?
It’s common to see a pinkish tint to your urine for a day or two. If you notice bright red blood, clots, or persistent bleeding, call your doctor.
4. Does cystoscopy affect sexual activity?
It’s best to avoid sexual intercourse for 24 to 48 hours, especially if you experience discomfort or mild bleeding. Your doctor will give you specific guidance.
5. Where can I schedule a consultation?
Consultations are offered in Concord, Denver, Fort Mill, Gastonia, Huntersville, Mint Hill, Mooresville, Pineville, Rock Hill, Shelby, and West Columbia.