Kidney stones can cause sudden, severe pain that’s hard to ignore. Many patients describe it as one of the worst pains they’ve ever felt. You may feel fine one moment, then suddenly deal with sharp pain in your back or side, nausea, or trouble urinating.
Understanding the different types of kidney stones can help you get the right treatment and help prevent future episodes.
What Are Kidney Stones?
Kidney stones are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form in the kidneys. They form when minerals in the urine become too concentrated.
Some kidney stones are small and may pass on their own. Others can grow larger and may require medical treatment. Even small stones can still cause significant discomfort.
Types of Kidney Stones
There are several types of kidney stones, and each can have different causes.
Calcium oxalate stones
This is the most common type. These stones can form when there is too much oxalate in the urine or when urine is too concentrated. Diet, hydration, and certain medical conditions can all play a role.
Uric acid stones
These stones may form when urine is too acidic. They are often linked to diets high in animal protein and can also be associated with conditions like gout or diabetes.
Struvite stones
Struvite stones are less common and are usually linked to urinary tract infections (UTIs). They can grow quickly and may become large if not treated.
Cystine stones
These are rare and caused by a genetic condition called cystinuria. This condition causes the kidneys to release too much of a specific amino acid into the urine.
Calcium phosphate stones
These stones may form in alkaline urine. They are sometimes linked to underlying medical conditions such as renal tubular acidosis.
What Increases Your Risk of Kidney Stones?
Kidney stones are becoming more common, and several factors may increase your risk.
Family history
If someone in your family has had kidney stones, you may be more likely to develop them.
Not drinking enough water
Low fluid intake can make urine more concentrated, which increases the chance of stone formation. Most people should aim to drink enough fluids to produce about 2 to 2.5 liters of urine per day.
Diet
Diets high in sodium, animal protein, or oxalate-rich foods may increase the risk of certain types of kidney stones. An unbalanced diet can also contribute.
Medical conditions
Conditions such as obesity, gout, and digestive disorders may increase your risk.
Medications and supplements
Some supplements and medications, including high doses of vitamin C, calcium-based antacids, and certain medications, may increase the likelihood of stone formation.
How Are Kidney Stones Treated?
Treatment depends on the size and type of kidney stone, as well as your symptoms.
Small stones may pass on their own with increased fluid intake and pain management. Larger stones may require medical treatment, such as medications or minimally invasive procedures.
If you’ve had a kidney stone before, you may be more likely to develop another. That’s why identifying the type of stone is important for prevention.
Types of Kidney Stones in Charlotte, NC and Columbia, SC
Understanding the different types of kidney stones can help you take steps to prevent future episodes and get the right treatment.
If you live in Charlotte, NC or Columbia, SC and think you may have kidney stones, don’t wait to seek care. Our team can evaluate your symptoms, identify the type of stone, and create a treatment plan tailored to your needs.
Schedule an appointment today to get the care you need and prevent future kidney stones.
